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:bulb: How to create and run an Ubuntu container with a Dockerfile, then run Nginx inside it and access it externally.

[01] Dockerfile, Image Build, and Container Run

Dockerfile



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# Dockerfile.ubuntu.24.04
vim Dockerfile.ubuntu.24.04

FROM ubuntu:24.04
ARG VERSION=latest
WORKDIR /root
RUN apt-get update ; apt-get install -y nginx net-tools vim iperf3

CMD service nginx start && tail -f /dev/null
  • After apt-get install on the RUN line, list the packages you want.
  • tail -f /dev/null in CMD keeps the container from exiting immediately.

Build the Image



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# Run from the same directory as the Dockerfile
sudo docker build -f Dockerfile.ubuntu.24.04 -t test/ubuntu24.04 .

Run a Container with the Image

  • -p: port forwarding
    • Below maps host port 8800 to container port 80
  • --restart: behavior when Docker service restarts
    • always — always restart, keep the container running


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docker run -d -p 8800:80 --name medge_ubuntu --restart always test/ubuntu24.04

[02] (Optional) Configure Nginx Inside the Container

Access the Container

  • Open a bash shell inside the running container.


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# test_ubuntu is the container name set above
docker exec -it test_ubuntu /bin/bash

Edit Nginx index.html

  • Modify to confirm the access goes inside the container.
  • File: /var/www/html/index.nginx-debian.html 


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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Edited: -Con(8800) -->
<h1>Welcome to nginx!-Con(8800)</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

[03] Verify Access

  • ServerIP + Docker Port
    • e.g., 111.111.111.111:8800
    • Uses port 8800 set in [01]
    • Confirm <h1>Welcome to nginx!-Con(8800)</h1> from [02] is displayed

참고